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techniques for watching electron motion in space and time
Time-resolved spectroscopic techniques provide real-time access to transitions between electronic quantum states of different energies. However, no explicit information about changes of the probability distribution of the electrons’ position is acquired. Angle-resolved attosecond photoelectron spectra may provide access to dynamic changes in the electron momentum distributions. Microscopy and diffraction allows direct mapping of the electron density distribution, irrespective of the complexity of the system.
Attosecond photoelectron microscopy: We aim at furnishing nanometer-resolution photoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM) with sub-fs temporal resolution. This goal is being pursued by implementing PEEM with sub-fs XUV pulse excitation. We envisage using this technique for imaging surface plasmon dynamics with nanometre resolution in space and sub-femtosecond resolution in time as well as time-resolved band structure imaging in photoelectron momentum microscopy.
contact: U. Kleineberglink to the personal page of Ulf Kleineberg, M. Klinglink to the personal page of Matthias Kling
Attosecond diffraction: The development of MHz-rate, microjoule-energy, few-cycle NIR/IR laser technology will pave the way towards next-generation ultrafast electron diffraction with few-fs to sub-fs resolution. Waveform-controlled, few-cycle NIR/IR light along with advanced microwave acceleration techniques will provide sub-relativistic single-electron wavepackets ultimately with attosecond duration and means of measuring them. Our goal is 4D imaging of electronic motion with atomic (picometer and attosecond) resolution.
contact: P. Baumlink to the personal page of Peter Baum, E. Filllink to the personal page of Ernst Fill, A. Apolonskiylink to the personal page of Alexander Apolonskiy
references:
Attosecond nanoplasmonic-field microscope, M. I. Stockman et al. Nature Photonics 1, 539 (2007)
Sub-fs electron pulses for ultrafast electron diffraction, E. Fill et al. New J. Physics 9, 272 (2006)
Hybrid dc-ac electron gun for fs-electron pulse generation, L. Veisz et al. New J. Phys. 9, 451 (2007)
Proposed method for measuring the duration of electron pulses by attosecond streaking, P. Reckenthäler et al. Phys. Rev. A 77, 042902 (2008)
Time-Resolved Electron Diffraction from Selectively Aligned Molecules, P. Reckenthäler et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 213001 (2009)
more reading:
Fig. 1. Surface-plasmon field oscillations exited by a waveform-controlled few-cycle light pulse are probed in time by liberating electrons with a time delayed attosecond XUV pulse and mapped in space by detecting the electrons with PEEM. (© mst)
Fig. 1. Surface-plasmon field oscillations exited by a waveform-controlled few-cycle light pulse are probed in time by liberating electrons with a time delayed attosecond XUV pulse and mapped in space by detecting the electrons with PEEM. (© mst)